In international container shipping, one of the most important pieces of information required before a container can be loaded onto a vessel is the VGM, or Verified Gross Mass.
Many shippers and importers encounter this term during the export process but may not fully understand what it means or why it is required.
This article explains what VGM is, why it matters, and how it affects container transportation.
What Does VGM Mean?
VGM stands for Verified Gross Mass.
It refers to the total confirmed weight of a packed shipping container, including all components inside and the container itself.
The VGM calculation includes:
- Cargo weight
- Packaging materials
- Pallets or dunnage
- The container’s tare weight (container empty weight)
In simple terms:
VGM = Cargo + Packaging + Dunnage + Container Tare Weight
This verified weight must be submitted to the shipping line before a container can be loaded onto a vessel.
Why Is VGM Required?
The VGM requirement was introduced by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) under the SOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea) Convention.
The goal is to improve safety in global container shipping.
Incorrect container weights can cause several serious problems, including:
- vessel stability issues
- improper container stacking
- crane accidents during loading
- transportation safety risks
By requiring an officially verified container weight, shipping lines and terminals can plan vessel loading more safely and efficiently.
What Happens If VGM Is Missing?
If the VGM is not submitted before the vessel cutoff time, the container may not be loaded onto the ship.
Common consequences include:
- container rollovers to the next vessel
- port storage or demurrage charges
- shipment delays
For exporters, this can create significant disruptions in the supply chain.
Because of this, most shipping lines enforce strict VGM submission deadlines.
How Is VGM Determined?
There are typically two accepted methods to determine VGM.
Method 1: Weighing the Packed Container
The entire packed container is weighed using certified weighing equipment, such as a weighbridge or truck scale.
This method is commonly used at:
- container depots
- warehouses
- port terminals
Method 2: Calculating the Total Weight
The shipper calculates the total weight by adding:
- cargo weight
- packaging materials
- pallets or dunnage
- container tare weight
This method requires accurate documentation and is subject to local regulations.
VGM and Port Operations
Accurate VGM information is essential for efficient port and vessel operations.
Shipping lines use VGM data to plan container stacking positions on vessels and ensure that crane operations remain within safe load limits.
For terminals and logistics providers, having the correct VGM helps prevent operational delays and improves cargo handling efficiency.
If you have any questions about container transportation or port logistics, please feel free to contact our team.